You need a visa to travel to Russia. If you are traveling with a travel agency or a tour, they will take care of this for you.
Now there are many other ways to get a visa. Basically you need an "invitation" either from your host or some sort of host organization, institute, or official agency, stating that they will take all responsibility for your needs. A foreign-owned company must be registered with MID to issue such an invitation. You then send the invitation to the Russian Embassy along with three photos, a visa application, photocopy of your passport, processing fee, and stamped return envelope. Some organizations, for example the new Bed & Breakfast Associations, will get a visa for you. There are also visa services that will help you get the "invitation" that is necessary for a visa if you are not traveling with a tour.
Visas can be issued by the Russian Embassy in Washington and the Consulates in New York and San Francisco. The New York office is particularly efficient. A visa fee is dependent on processing time. Prices may change. The following information was checked on April 9, 1999.
Single entry visa: 65 - 2 weeks, $75- 1 week, $105 - 3 business days, $145 - next business day.
Double entry visa: $105 - 2 weeks, $125 - 1 week, $145 - 3 business days, $175 - next business day.
Multiple entry visa: $195 - 3 business days, $225 - next business day.
The additional visa information is available on website: www.ruscon.com